Supernatural literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Supernatural literature - Essay Example The author of the fantastic literature of subversion, Rosemary Jackson, depicts and explores the use of the transcendentalist approach, theoretical perspectives, and assumptions as the basis of supernatural literature (Marcus, 2006). Supernatural literature involves the tracing of the hidden truths, the unsaid and the unseen of culture that lie unnoticed by the law, and the dominant value system. The reversal of this perspective exposes a situation whereby there is a sudden change in the dominant value system. The marginalized groups take the center stage in the dominant value system, with whatever that was central to the dominant system thrust aside. Supernatural texts tend to reveal the contents of the dominant system and its values, in the perspective of the marginalized (Friesen, 2010). Supernatural literature involves a comprehensive account of debates on the Marxist aesthetics, and proposes that Marxism is the lone major sociological tradition, and that sociology has failed to theorize the phenomenon of art. This argues out on the purpose of Marxism, and the perception on socialism and capitalism. Rosemary explores on the casual connection between the real world and the theories. There is the question of realism, in the perception of knowledge and the scientific inquiry in the real world. Fantasy is both theoretical and descriptive, i.e. comprehensive and scholarly, account of the literature of the literature of the fantastic, and a polemic calling for its recognition as a potentially subversive literature (Zipes, 2011). Supernatural literature explores the characteristic themes of fantasy, i.e. transformations or changes, invisibility, doubles and disappearances. Rosemary Jackson’s Fantasy: The literature of subversion explores questions and interrogates the relationships between reality and unreality, self or not self and conscious and unconscious. This is on the basis of the reversed perspective. The silenced in a

Duke Energy Corporation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Duke Energy Corporation - Research Paper Example Wylie who was keen on extending his investment to include the general construction of some additional hydroelectric power plants approached and convinced James Buchanan Duke to buy a stake in the newly founded Southern Power Company that had been founded in 1905. Duke formed the Wateree Power in 1917 that helped serve as a holding company for a number of different utilities that were owned or had been founded by Duke, his associates and his family. The name of this company was eventually changed to Duke Power in 1924 and later on in the year 1927, most of the subsidiaries that were previously under the holding company were eventually merged into Duke Power (Scoggins and York County Regional Chamber of Commerce 78). The Growth of Duke Energy Currently, Duke Energy is seen to be operating in various regions across the United States principally through a number of some of its indirect and direct wholly owned subsidiaries. These are seen to include, Duke Energy Carolinas, Duke Energy Ind iana, Inc., Florida Power corporation d/b/a Progress Energy Florida, Inc., Duke Energy Ohio, Inc. (Duke Energy Ohio). The company is also seen to have operations in Latin America via its Duke Energy International, LLC (DEI). Over the years, the company’s segments have grown to include Commercial Power and international Energy and Franchised Electric and Gas (USFE&G). Duke energy has been able to make a number of recent acquisitions such as the July 2012 merger with the Progressive Energy Inc. and as well as its acquisition of the Chilean Campanario Power plant. One of the company’s subsidiaries was able to acquire Iberoamericana de Energia Ibener S.A. (Ibener) which was essentially operating as a subsidiary of the CGE Group. A more recent acquisition of Duke Energy is its June 2013 undisclosed minority stake acquisition of Clean Power Finance Inc. Duke Energy is seen to have a relatively large number of various investments that are generally seen to be categorized as o ther investments. These investments include; its wholly owned, Captive Insurance subsidiary, its Bison insurance Company Limited (Bison), a 50% Interest in DukeNet Communications, contributions to the Duke Energy Foundation, a 60% interest in the Duke Energy Trading and marketing, LLC (DukeNet) and a variety of other related telecommunications businesses (Reuters. Nd). Duke Energy’s U.S Franchised Electric and Gas Segment (U.S.FE&G) This segment of Duke Energy is found to be responsible for the generation, distribution, transmission and eventual sale of electricity in the regions covering northern South Carolina, North Carolina, west central Florida, northern Kentucky and southern, central and north Indiana. USFE&G is also seen to be involved in the transportation and sale of natural gas in the areas around northern Kentucky and southwestern Ohio. In order to effectively conduct its operations USFE&G is seen to primarily operate through Progress Energy Carolinas, Duke Energy Ohio, duke Energy Carolinas, Progress Energy Florida and Duke Energy Indiana. Of note however is that Duke Energy Indiana and Duke Energy Ohio that engage in distribution and transmission operations are collectively referred to as Duke Energy Midwest. The service area covered by USFE&G is found to cover an approximated area of about 10, 000 square miles. USFE&G is seen to be

Reflecting Personal Development Study Of Mental Health Nursing Nursing Essay

Reflecting Personal Development Study Of Mental Health Nursing Nursing Essay This essay will illustrate how I developed from being a novice to an expert within my three year study of mental health nursing programme. The chosen topic from my log book to be discussed will be management. Dreyfus and Dreyfus student model (1986) and Benners stages of skill acquisitions (1984) will be used to structure this essay. The stages that students go through in their skills acquisition are novice, advance beginner, competent, proficient and expert (Selinger Crease, 2006).Current evidence based literature such as mentors comments from my ropas including government policies relevant to my practice will be used to explore my strengths, limitations and experiences. Future recommendation for my post graduate as a newly registered nurse will be explored. Names of clients, practice placements and health professionals will remain anonymous to protect and respect confidential in this essay (NMC, 2008). Management is planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling in order to achieve your goals (Clark, 2009).Management also involves making good decisions, communicating effectively, motivating staff and being persuasive and sensitive (Manion, 2005).Due to the health care system changes in modern nursing it is vital for a professional nurse to acquire different skills to manage a shift regardless of your specific role (Yoder-Wise, 2003).I took an interest in presenting management as my topic of this essay mainly for the following reasons. Once am newly qualified I might face a challenge of running a shift and management skills will be essential for the shift to be efficient and effective. Management skills are also essential as they are required to obtain a job as a mental health nurse. Hewison (2004) states management in nursing is essential to delivers high standards of care. The above author further state that delivery and organisation of care has been influenced by manag ement ideas and theory throughout its history. First year of training I completed 4 placements starting with an acute ward and next being a hip replacement ward. From there I went to the community where they specialised in children with learning disabilities. My last placement was a day hospital for old people with dementia and depression; this is where I had the most exposure. In my first placement I could not under see lying problems with the patients, for example when it came to observing moods and effects patients get from taking the medication they are prescribed on. My other problem was communicating using the correct terminology in my notes and handover. Swannell (1986) defines communication as imparting or exchange of information, message, letter, etc; Social dealings (Ingram and Lavery, 2009.p.14). Communication skills are essential in healthcare as they help professionals to maximise their management (Darley, 2002). At that time my communication was poor, therefore my management was lacking as its vital and mostly an essential skill in nursing management (Adair, 2009). When I started my last placement I had done research on communication and the same principles of communication applied on different situation. At this placement I managed to reflect on my experiences as a novice, hence improving my skills (Quirk, 2006). I applied knowledge gained from research but still referred to the literature and communication principles taught in year one. I was able to communicate effectively using the right terminology in my notes, hand over, ward round and appropriately with patients. I was able to identify under lying problems portrayed by the patients and interpret them when communicating with staff. Research and applying it to practice helped my skill improve hence enhanced my management (Pilot Beck, 2004). First year of training I started off as a novice because I had minimal knowledge but could not connect it to practice (Dreyfus and Dreyfus, 1986) .Using the work of Benners (1984) Stuart (2007) describes a novice as a new student entering a clinical area without experience but expected to perform. Stuart (2007) further goes on to say they must be given rules and instructions to guide their performance, they do not see beyond the task and underlying problems with a patient. Considering experience gained in year one I was in the novice trajectory. By the end of the first year I was now fairly experienced and considered myself as an advanced beginner no longer a novice (Dreyfus Dreyfus, 1986). In my second year the first practice placement was at a day hospital for older people suffering from dementia. From there I moved to work with the community mental health team (CMHT) treating patients with different disorders. The second placement is where I gained the optimum exposure as different skills where developed. We dealt with patients discharged from acute ward and have been referred to CMHT for ongoing treatment away from hospital settings offering a wide variety of interventions tailored to their specific needs (D.O.H, 2002). My final placement in second year was elective. This was a day centre for adults 18-65 offering a large range of therapy thats beneficial to their aspects of life (France and Kramer, 2005). According to Swansburg Swansburg (2002) planning involves what to do, how, who is to do it, where its to be done and when in order to achieve goals. My last placement was a day centre for older people suffering from dementia and I developed planning skills. I was shift planning and organized daily activities according to their needs (Schultz and Videbeck, 2009). I was involved in care planning under supervision as I was assigned to a patient suffering from depression. This patient used to play in professional bands and his depression started when he stopped. I planned his recovery by completing tasks like contacting professional recording studios and looking into an option to obtain funding to buy his own equipment. This included booking suitable dates and times he can attend to record. I managed to negotiate with the studio to get 3 free sessions but had to attend only when they was no bookings for business purpose. Both my communication and planning skills where implemented succes sfully and no longer followed the maxims used during the initial stages of learning, as I had acquired my skills (Selinger Crease, 2006). Based on this experience I gained decision making skills to contribute to my management. According to Thompson and Dowding (2002) decision making should be logical, have a rationale and concentrate on how decision will be made in a real world. According to Lloyd et al (2007) decision-making is a process of gathering relevant information and analysed to make a decision. Lloyd et al (2007) further clarifies that in a clinical setting, decision making is a situation in which choice is made from a number of possible alternatives considering the outcome is weighed. I applied these skills as I gathered information like contacts and whom to call, weighing distance and cost of travelling from his home to the studio and also obtaining time of recording referring to his schedule. I also gained another management skill in organisation. According to Kneedler and Dodge (1994) organization involves the arrangement of nursing actions orderly and that actions need to be evaluated, ranked and carried out according to the nurse capabilities. I believe I evaluated and ranked my actions as I considered the patients safety, choosing a suitable recording time for both my patient and the studio by making sure its very close, accessible and its during the day. When I finished year 2 I had gained new skills and my communication skills from year one had paid off as the new skills required good communication skills. (Please see appendix 1 and 2). According to Dreyfus and Dreyfus (1986) model of skill acquisition, an advance beginner has the knowledge of key working aspects in practice. I noticed this as I applied knowledge into practice, therefore found it easy applying rules in real a situation. Tsui (2003) states that advanced beginners begin to recognize situational elements, I recognized these elements easily as I had the experience as a novice according to Dreyfus and Dreyfus (1986). According to Benners (1984) I managed to complete tasks using my own judgement which was acceptable to a limited extent. I started of my third year very keen to professionally modify my management skills and taking into account my skills need to adhere with the nursing and midwifery council (NMC, 2008). The first placment was in a mother and baby unit offering therapy which meet individuals physical, psychological, emotional and social needs based on evidence (DH, 2007). The next and final placement of the programme is where I had the optimum exposure in my management skills. This was an acute ward for old people suffering from organic mental health disorders. I applied all management skills acquired in year 1 and 2. At this stage I was practicing as a competent nurse according to Benners (1984). I was initiating and completing tasks without being asked or being monitored but under supervision from my mentor. Management was not only about completing the shift planner. I was now looking at the safety of the ward, reviewing general, constant and special observations, during handover, ward round and CPA. My decision making skills where implemented using assessment tools and the help of staff as we allocated appropriate levels of observations for the patients (The Scottish Government, 2002). I was planning and organizing tasks to tackle on duty and transport for transfers or appointments. I was using the diary for communication and checking tasks to be completed. I also collected and prepared information to be communicated in ward rounds, handovers and CPAs. I was organizing daily activities and decisions being made according to their needs. (Please see appendix 3). According to Cherry and Jacob (2005) stage three of Benners (1984) skills of acquisition state that competent nurses foresee long range goals and master their skills at this stage. Competent nurses are to cope with complex situations by analysing and planning (Dreyfus and Dreyfus, 1986).Dreyfus and Dreyfus (1986) go on to say they have the background knowledge of area practice and ability to use their own judgement to achieve tasks. According to Dreyfus and Dreyfus (1986) a proficient nurse approaches situations as a whole rather than in small portions and tackles situation according to priority. Benners (1984) further states that as they view situations as a whole their decision making is more improved and they also use maxims as guides. Tomey and Alligood (2006) state that level four of the acquisition skill, nurses stand outside the situation and at the same time be part of the situation, fully engaging in the situation. I believe in my practice I had started portraying some abilities of a proficient nurse, integrating my knowledge and experience into a whole (Jasper, 2006). I was running shifts, planning and assigned tasks, incorporating management skills learned in year one, two and three to a level of proficiency by managing ones self, ones practice and that of others. (NMC, 2004). The last part of the stage is the expert level and using Benners model (1984), Sitzman and Eichelberger (2010) state that they no longer, rely on rules, guidelines or maxims to make appropriate decisions for a situation. I believe I did not reach to the stage to fulfil the expert level but have the ability to succeed to expert level after graduating. According to Daly, Speedy and Jackson (2010) reflection is a process of monitoring practice to enable you to improve it. They go on and further state that the following are essential when reflecting, self-appraisal, research for practice, everyday reviewing of practice, feelings and belief, and the consequences. This is the part where I reflect my practice in order to enhance and maintain my practice within competent to expert level for my future practice as a registered nurse. Focused will be my managerial skills to reach expert level. As a newly qualified I will make use of clinical supervision as an opportunity to improve and continue professional development (Royal College of Nursing, 2003).I will engage myself into lifelong learning that will be of benefit to the service users and my profession. This will extend my skills hence making it easier to manage when in critical situations (D.H, 1999). This will also enable me to maintain high standard of care, therefore enhancing manag ement skills (D.H, 2006).I will continue using evidence based practice to offer best possible care and practice(D.H, 2006). I will also avoid favouritism and discrimination amongst staff as they are good management skills (Marriner-Tomey, 2004).This is further supported by Woods (2005) who encourages democratic management as it encourages those you delegate to, to be part of the team and feel valued. I will be aware of the policies and procedures as its essential to understand your work role and responsibilities in the work place hence helps in managing and guide day to day operations (Fradd, 2004).Above all I will undergo a period of preceptorship as a newly qualified, therefore this will provide a structured, supportive bridge during my transition from a student to a practitioner in my managerial skills and other skills (Illingworth and Singleto, 2010). To conclude, after going through both five stages of Dreyfus and Deryfus (1984) and Benners (1984) I also got the opportunity to reflect my three year practice as a whole, therefore this enabled me to see areas I will need to improve in management. I will work towards being an expert as I progress into my profession . Contexts of Nursing   By John Daly, Sandra Speedy, Debra Jackson/2010/Elsevier/ -Perioperative patient care: the nursing perspective   By Julia A. Kneedler, Gwen H. Dodge,1994

Cinderella In Therapy Essay -- essays research papers

Cinderella in Therapy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the movie â€Å"Cinderella,† Cinderella is a maid to an evil stepmother and two very heartless and obnoxious stepsisters. The only reason that Cinderella still puts up with their orders is an example of the Behavioral perspective. The Behavioral Perspective puts emphasis on learning by experience with rewards and punishments. She knows that if she does not do the chores, she will be punished or thrown out of the household. She does not have anywhere to go because her mother and father have passed away. Because Cinderella is a genuinely kind human being who wishes to please, she usually does not stick up for herself against the others in the household. She is used to taking on the brunt of the housework and doesn’t complain of her unfair and lowly position as maid of her own house.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cinderella is a dreamer and dreams about being rescued from the unhappy confinement she is stuck in, and living happily ever after with her prince charming. She believes that the treatment she receives can only get better, so she is still hopeful day after day, through all the severe treatment the house members put her through. The movie does not give much information about her childhood or past memories, so there is not much that we can derive from those aspects of the cognitive perspective. The cognitive perspective puts emphasis on individual potential for growth and the role of unique perceptions in guiding behavi...

Oppression in A Tale of Two Cities Essay

In the book A Tale of Two Cities, one of the many themes present is that of oppression. There are many examples of this throughout the book, some more obvious than the others. We can see right away in the beginning that the French peasants are under a hideous oppression by the French aristocracy. All the people of the towns that are described are starved and in great pain, they are depressed and slinking about, gaunt skeletons of human beings. Their desperation is clearly evident in Chapter 5, when everyone nearby rushes to lick wine off of the city street when a barrel of it bursts after being dropped. As this is occurring, the wealthy French citizens are reclining indoors and use a ridiculous number of servants just to prepare a cup of hot water. When a poor man’s son is run over and killed by the rich Marquis’s carriage, the Marquis makes no apology, and tosses a couple coins at the grieving father. The aristocrats did not even think the peasants human; they treated them as animals, without a thought to their happiness or well being. Another example of oppression is in Mrs. Cruncher’s relationship with her husband. Mr. Cruncher orders her about, and treats her like a piece of property, just there to do his will and stay out of his way. When Jerry Cruncher catches his wife praying for his thieving soul, he takes it to mean that she wants him to be caught and punished, so he will stop grave robbing. His son sees him the next morning bashing his wife’s head into the headboard of their bed as a punishment for her prayers. Mrs. Cruncher lived in a constant oppressive atmosphere as she tried to conform to her husband’s wishes, but was never good enough for him, as he abused her pretty much every day. A more prominent example of this theme is shown in relation to Dr. Manette. The memory of the eighteen years he spent locked up in the Bastille constantly hangs over his head as a burden. His experience in that atmosphere was so awful that the mere memory of it oppresses him. The Doctor tended to fall back into his half-crazed childlike state throughout the book  because his experiences were more than his mind could deal with. Finally, a major example of oppression taking place is with Sidney Carton. He is oppressed by an addiction to alcohol. His life had taken several bad turns, making him a depressed, almost broken man. When he met Lucy Manette, he felt as though his life now had a purpose again, because he loved her so much. However, Carton realized that with his character and lifestyle, he would never be able to make her happy. The alcohol he had turned to for comfort, which had been his only friend for years, was now working against him. Carton was so far gone that he was no longer able to give up drinking, no matter how much he wanted to. Alcohol now virtually controlled his life, dictating what he could or could not do. This was an awful example of self-induced oppression. Oppression is such a powerful theme in A Tale of Two Cities, probably to demonstrate how people can put it upon themselves, and how they can break free from it if they believe in their cause enough.

Progressive Era Essay

In the Progressive Movement that began in the late 1800s was about governmental reforms and correcting injustices in the American life. There were problems that were present in the American life and plans and reforms proposed during the Progressive Era to address the problems faced by many Americans in the early 1800s late 1900s. There were problems that were present in the American Life. Poor families lived in crowded 1 room houses (Doc1). Sanitation was very hard for poor families to keep up. Children even worked between the ages of ten and fifth teen years old with barely any pay (Doc3). Susan B. Anthony argued to support the demand for women’s right to vote (Doc8). Also in factories workers did not wash their hands while working. Some workers limbs, bugs, and rats were cut into the meats. All of these issues were major during the late 1800s and early 1900s for people in the U. S. Plans and reforms were proposed during the Progressive era to address the problems that were faced by many Americans in the early 1800s late 1900s. Jane Adams built an inexpensive house for poor families to live in named the â€Å"Haul House† in Chicago IL. This house was a great help to families. The child labor rate dropped between 1890 and 1920 (Doc3). Women were given their right to vote. Susan B. Anthony fought for women’s suffrage so woman can be treated equal as men (Doc8). Upton Sinclair wrote a book named â€Å"The Jungle† explaining how in factories spoiled meat could be used to be chopped up in other things (Doc2). A Progressive Party Platform was proposed to prevent industrial accidents for health and safety issues (Doc6). This helped with the workers limbs for being cut off in food products. President Teddy R. proposed the FDA act to prevent unhealthy foods from being sent out. Expiration dates and health expectations were required. These plans and reforms helped major Americans during the Progressive Movement. Therefore in the Progressive Movement that began in the late 1800s was about governmental reforms and correcting injustices in the American life. There were many problems that were present in the American life and plans and reforms that were proposed during the Progressive Era to address the problems faced by many Americans in the early 1800s late 1900s.